After trying to view data from within Visual Studio to error messages appear:
Unable to access T-SQL components
An incompatible DacFx version is installed
Some might have seen this error before and the reason is quite simple. The installed Data-Tier Application Framework version and SQL Server Data Tools do not match the ones required by the database.
Just install the latest version from here:
SSDT: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/hh297027
DacFx: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=35756
And everything is working fine again.
Update:
Apparently the old link does not work any longer. This is the working download link for DacFx 2012. http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=36842
Matthias Baumann 
After two days of messing around and a complete reinstall of my machine this was the answer I was looking for. Thank you!
Given link for DacFX is not working … ?
Thanks for the hint. The link in the blog post does not exist any more. I updated the link.
I went to the link that you gave, downloaded the DacFx for 64-bit Windows, and tried to install it. It gave me the following error, “Installation of Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Data-Tier App Framework failed because a higher version already exists on the machine. To proceed, uninstall the higher version and then run Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Data-Tier App Framework Setup again.”
I do have SQL Server 2012 Developer edition installed on my desktop, but that’s the highest I’ve got. So I don’t understand why it thinks I’ve got something higher than that.